TPC-Journal-V5-Issue2

The Professional Counselor /Volume 5, Issue 2 269 By focusing on these constructs in conjunction with other empirically supported treatments, it is our belief that children’s outcomes will improve and they will be better prepared to confront not only specific fears in the present, but myriad potential stressors in the future. Conflict of Interest and Funding Disclosure The authors reported no conflict of interest or funding contributions for the development of this manuscript. References Abei, M., Giger, J., Plattner, B., Metzke, C. W., & Steinhausen, H.-C. (2013). Problem coping skills, psychosocial adversities and mental health problems in children and adolescents as predictors of criminal outcomes in young adulthood. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry , 23 , 283–293. doi:10.1007/s00787-013-0458-y American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. Burnham, J. J. (2005). Fears of children in the United States: An examination of the American fear survey schedule with 20 new contemporary fear items. Measurement & Evaluation in Counseling & Development , 38 , 78–91. Burnham, J. J. (2007). Children’s fears: A pre-9/11 and post-9/11 comparison using the American fear survey schedule for children. Journal of Counseling & Development , 85 , 461–466. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6678.2007.tb00614.x Burnham, J. J. (2009). Contemporary fears of children and adolescents: Coping and resiliency in the 21st century. Journal of Counseling & Development , 87 , 28–35. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6678.2009.tb00546.x Burnham, J. J., & Hooper, L. M. (2008). The influence of the war in Iraq on American youth’s fears: Implications for professional school counselors. Professional School Counseling , 11 , 395–403. Cartwright-Hatton, S. (2006). Anxiety of childhood and adolescence: Challenges and opportunities. Clinical Psychology Review , 26 , 813–816. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.12.001 Cloitre, M., Morin, N. A., & Linares, O. (2010). Children’s resilience in the face of trauma. NYU Child Study Center . Retrieved from http://www.education.com/reference/article/Ref_Childrens_Resilience/ Dollinger, S. J., O’Donnell, J. P., & Staley, A. A. (1984). Lightning-strike disaster: Effects on children’s fears and worries. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 52 , 1028–1038. Driessnack, M. (2006). Draw-and-tell conversations with children about fear. Qualitative Health Research , 16 , 1414– 1435. doi:10.1177/1049732306294127 Dubi, K., Rapee, R. M., Emerton, J. L., & Schniering, C. A. (2008). Maternal modeling and the acquisition of fear and avoidance in toddlers: Influence of stimulus preparedness and child temperament. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 36 , 499–512.doi:10.1007/s10802-007-9195-3 Eisenberg, N., & Spinrad, T. L. (2004). Emotion-related regulation: Sharpening the definition. Child Development , 75 , 334–339. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00674.x Elbedour, S., Shulman, S., & Kedem, P. (1997). Children’s fears: Cultural and developmental perspectives. Behaviour Research and Therapy , 35 , 491–496. Eley, T. C., Rijsdijk, F. V., Perrin, S., O’Connor, T. G., & Bolton, D. (2008). A multivariate genetic analysis of specific phobia, separation anxiety and social phobia in early childhood. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 36 , 839– 848. doi:10.1007/s10802-008-9216-x Esbjørn, B. H., Bender, P. K., Reinholdt-Dunne, M. L., Munck, L. A., & Ollendick, T. H. (2012). The development of anxiety disorders: Considering the contributions of attachment and emotion regulation. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review , 15 , 129–143.doi:10.1007/s10567-011-0105-4 Field, A. P., Lawson, J., & Banerjee, R. (2008). The verbal threat information pathway to fear in children: The longitudinal effects on fear cognitions and the immediate effects on avoidance behavior. Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 117 ,