TPC Journal Volume 11 Issue 2

262 The Professional Counselor | Volume 11, Issue 2 Conclusion Asians and AAPIs who employ culturally congruent coping responses may experience greater levels of stress-related growth following experiences of COVID-19–related racial discrimination. In this study, higher levels of ethnic identity, resilience, and coping responses predicted stress-related growth in a national convenience sample of Asians and AAPIs residing in the United States. Asians and AAPIs in this study who sought professional mental health services reported higher levels of racism and endorsed higher scores of resilience, coping, and stress-related growth compared to those who did not seek professional mental health services. Mental health professionals are encouraged to support Asian and AAPI clients in strengthening their ethnic identity, building resilience, and using culturally congruent coping responses to mitigate the effects of COVID-19–related racism and promote the development of stress-related growth. Conflict of Interest and Funding Disclosure The authors reported no conflict of interest or funding contributions for the development of this manuscript. References Anandavalli, S., Harrichand, J. J. S., & Litam, S. D. A. (2020). Counseling international students in times of uncertainty: A critical feminist and bioecological approach. The Professional Counselor , 10 (3), 365–375. https://doi.org/10.15241/sa.10.3.365 Asmundson, G. J. G., & Taylor, S. (2020). Coronaphobia: Fear and the 2019-nCoV outbreak. Journal of Anxiety Disorders , 70 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102196 Boals, A., & Schuler, K. L. (2018). Reducing reports of illusory posttraumatic growth: A revised version of the Stress-Related Growth Scale (SRGS-R). Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy , 10 (2), 190–198. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000267 Bodner, T. E. (2017). Standardized effect sizes for moderated conditional fixed effects with continuous moderator variables. Frontiers in Psychology , 8 , 562. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00562 Bostock, L., Sheikh, A. I., & Barton, S. (2009). Posttraumatic growth and optimism in health-related trauma: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings , 16 (4), 281–296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-009-9175-6 Bower, J. E., Moskowitz, J. T., & Epel, E. (2009). Is benefit finding good for your health? Pathways linking positive life changes after stress and physical health outcomes . Current Directions in Psychological Science , 18 (6), 337–341. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01663.x Brown, S. D., Unger Hu, K. A., Mevi, A. A., Hedderson, M. M., Shan, J., Quesenberry, C. P., & Ferrara, A. (2014). The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure–Revised: Measurement invariance across racial and ethnic groups. Journal of Counseling Psychology , 61 (1), 154–161. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034749 Budiman, A., & Ruiz, N. G. (2021). Key facts about Asian Americans, a diverse and growing population. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/09/08/key-facts-about-asian-americans Burnham, M. J., Le, Y. K., & Piedmont, R. L. (2018). Who is MTurk? Personal characteristics and sample consistency of these online workers. Mental Health, Religion & Culture , 21 (9–10), 934–944. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2018.1486394 Cacioppo, J. T., & Hawkley, L. C. (2003). Social isolation and health, with an emphasis on underlying mechanisms. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine , 46 (3), S39–S52. https://doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2003.0063