TPC Journal Volume 11 Issue 2

The Professional Counselor | Volume 11, Issue 2 197 American School Counselor Association. (2016b). The school counselor and trauma-informed practice . https://school counselor.org/Standards-Positions/Position-Statements/ASCA-Position-Statements/The-School-Coun selor-and-Trauma-Informed-Practice American School Counselor Association. (2019). ASCA national model: A framework for school counseling programs (4th ed.). American School Counselor Association. (2021). ASCA research report: State of the profession 2020 . https://www. schoolcounselor.org/getmedia/bb23299b678d-4bce-8863-cfcb55f7df87/2020-State-of-theProfession.pdf Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Bremner, J. D., Walker, J. D., Whitfield, C. H., Perry, B. D., Dube, S. R., & Giles, W. H. (2006). The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood: A convergence of evidence from neurobiology to epidemiology. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience , 256 (3), 174–186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-005-0624-4 Anda, R. F., Porter, L. E., & Brown, D. W. (2020). Inside the adverse childhood experience score: Strengths, limitations, and misapplications. American Journal of Preventive Medicine , 59 (2), 293–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2020.01.009 Anyon, Y., Lechuga, C., Ortega, D., Downing, B., Greer, E., & Simmons, J. (2018). An exploration of the relationships between student racial background and the school sub-contexts of office discipline referrals: A critical race theory analysis. Race, Ethnicity, and Education , 21 (3), 390–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/13613324.2017.1328594 Baskin, T. W., Russell, J. L., Sorenson, C. L., & Ward, E. C. (2015). A model for school counselors supporting African American youth with forgiveness. Journal of School Counseling , 13 (7). https://eric.ed.gov/?id= EJ1062931 Bell, L. E., & Van Velsor, P. (2017). Counseling in the gentrified neighborhood: What school counselors should know. Professional School Counseling , 21 (1), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.5330/1096-2409-21.1.161 Belser, C. T., Shillingford, M. A., & Joe, J. R. (2016). The ASCA model and a multi-tiered system of supports: A framework to support students of color with problem behavior. The Professional Counselor , 6 (3), 251–262. https://doi.org/10.15241/cb.6.3.251 Benner, A. D., & Graham, S. (2011). Latino adolescents’ experiences of discrimination across the first 2 years of high school: Correlates and influences on educational outcomes. Child Development , 82 (2), 508–519. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01524.x Bethell, C., Jones, J., Gombojav, N., Linkenbach, J., & Sege, R. (2019). Positive childhood experiences and adult mental and relational health in a statewide sample: Associations across adverse childhood experiences levels. JAMA Pediatrics, 173 (11). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3007 Bornstein, M. H., & Putnick, D. L. (2007). Chronological age, cognitions, and practices in European American mothers: A multivariate study of parenting. Developmental Psychology , 43 (4), 850–864. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.43.4.850 Bottiani, J. H., Bradshaw, C. P., & Mendelson, T. (2016). Inequality in Black and White high school students’ perceptions of school support: An examination of race in context. Journal of Youth and Adolescence , 45 (6), 1176–1191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-015-0411-0 Bottiani, J. H., Bradshaw, C. P., & Mendelson, T. (2017). A multilevel examination of racial disparities in high school discipline: Black and White adolescents’ perceived equity, school belonging, and adjustment problems. Journal of Educational Psychology , 109 (4), 532–545. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000155 Bowleg, L., Fitz, C. C., Burkholder, G. J., Massie, J. S., Wahome, R., Teti, M., Malebranche, D. J., & Tschann, J. M. (2014). Racial discrimination and posttraumatic stress symptoms as pathways to sexual HIV risk behaviors among urban Black heterosexual men. AIDS Care , 26 (8), 1050–1057. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.906548 Bryant, R., Harris, L., & Bird, K. (2016). Investing in boys and young men of color. National Civic Review , 105 (1), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1002/ncr.21257 Burke, N. J., Hellman, J. L., Scott, B. G., Weems, C. F., & Carrion, V. G. (2011). The impact of adverse childhood experiences on an urban pediatric population. Child Abuse & Neglect , 35 (6), 408–413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.02.006 Carney, J. V., Kim, H., Hazler, R. J., & Guo, X. (2017). Protective factors for mental health concerns in urban middle school students: The moderating effect of school connectedness. Professional School Counseling , 21 (1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156759X18780952