292 The Professional Counselor | Volume 11, Issue 3 Respondents’ Demographic Characteristics and PM Experiences For Research Question (RQ) 1 and RQ2, descriptive data were used to generate frequencies and determine the impact of demographic characteristics on average PMI score. To explore this further in RQ1, one-way ANOVAs were completed for the variables of age, gender, racial identity, allegation type, and offender relationships. No significant correlations were found between demographic variables and the PMI items. On average, respondents reported a frequency score of 13.5 (M = 13.5, SD = 9.5) on the PMI. Eight respondents (5%) endorsed no frequency of PM while 95% (N = 158) experienced PM. Co-Occurrence of PMWith Other Forms of Maltreatment For RQ3, frequency and descriptive data were generated, revealing average age rates of PM reported by maltreatment type. Varying sample representations were discovered in each form of maltreatment (see Table 4). Clear evidence was found that PM co-occurs with each form of maltreatment type; however, how each form of maltreatment interacts with PM is currently unclear given the multiple dimensions of each maltreatment case including, but not limited to, severity, frequency, offender, and victim characteristics. Table 4 Descriptive and Frequency Data for Co-Occurrence of PM (N = 166) Allegation n M SD 95% CI Sexual Abuse 113 13.04 9.01 [11.37, 14.72] Physical Abuse 29 12.45 10.53 [8.44, 16.45] Neglect 14 14.57 12.16 [7.55, 21.60] Multiple Allegations 5 17.40 8.88 [6.38, 28.42] Witness to Violence 3 7.67 5.03 [–4.84, 20.17] Kidnapping 1 n/a n/a Missing Note. CI = Confidence Interval; SD = Standard Deviation; M = Mean; n/a = not applicable PM Frequency and General Trauma Symptoms For RQ4, Pearson’s correlation was used to calculate frequency score relationships between the PMI and TSCC-SF. There was a statistically significant relationship between the PMI and total frequency of general trauma symptoms on the TSCC-SF [r(164) = .78, p < .01, r² = .61] (Sullivan & Feinn, 2012). Cohen’s d, calculated from the means for each item as well as the pooled standard deviation, indicated a small effect relationship (d = .15) between general trauma and PMI frequencies (see Figure 1).
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