296 The Professional Counselor | Volume 11, Issue 3 practice that could place children at risk. Future research and refinement of the PMI may provide clinicians and researchers a reliable and valid tool that is grounded in consistent theory and practice. Conclusion The PMI was developed to assess child PM and offers researchers and clinicians useful findings. In supporting research (Arslan, 2017; Bernstein et al., 2013; Raparia et al., 2016), child PM is a serious and often harmful combination of experiences that requires professional intervention (APSAC, 2019). For children reporting PM experiences, the PMI may help mental health and other care providers determine which services are needed. Findings from this study suggest differences in demographic variables are minimal for PM. Overall PMI scores were correlated to the general trauma subscale on the TSCC-SF, and the PMI revealed higher rates of PM for children experiencing suicidal ideation. The findings are the beginning of a measure designed to illustrate the depth and frequency of PM for children. With the PMI, early PM intervention becomes possible for a once invisible form of maltreatment. Conflict of Interest and Funding Disclosure Data collected and content shared in this study were part of a dissertation study, which was awarded the 2020 Dissertation Excellence Award by the National Board for Certified Counselors. The Psychological Maltreatment Inventory (PMI) items were not released in this publication to protect victims of child maltreatment and to ensure future publications can address comprehensive revisions made to the PMI. References Ahern, E. C., Hershkowitz, I., Lamb, M. E., Blasbalg, U., & Winstanley, A. (2014). Support and reluctance in the pre-substantive phase of alleged child abuse victim investigative interviews: Revised versus standard NICHD protocols. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 32(6), 762–774. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2149 Alaggia, R., & Mishna, F. (2014). Self psychology and male child sexual abuse: Healing relational betrayal. Clinical Social Work Journal, 42(1), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-013-0453-2 Ali, S. A. (2012). Sample size calculation and sampling techniques. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 62(6), 624–626. https://jpma.org.pk/PdfDownload/3482 American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children. (2019). APSAC practice guidelines: The investigation and determination of suspected psychological maltreatment of children and adolescents. https://bit.ly/3jI7AhJ American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arslan, G. (2017). Psychological maltreatment, coping strategies, and mental health problems: A brief and effective measure of psychological maltreatment in adolescents. Child Abuse & Neglect, 68, 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.03.023 Ayre, C., & Scally, A. J. (2014). Critical values for Lawshe’s content validity ratio: Revisiting the original methods of calculation. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 47(1), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0748175613513808 Bernard, C., & Harris, P. (2018). Serious case reviews: The lived experience of Black children. Child & Family Social Work, 24(2), 256–263. https://doi.org/10.1111/cfs.12610
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy NDU5MTM1