The Professional Counselor | Volume 14, Issue 2 153 satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress among PSCs? 2) To what extent do PSCs’ ACEs and demographic variables predict compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress? and 3) After separating the participants into two groups (PSCs with three or fewer ACEs and those with four or more ACEs), to what extent do PSCs’ ACEs and demographic variables predict compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress? Method Using a cross-sectional, non-experimental correlational design, we reported descriptive statistics (means; RQ 1) and multiple regression models (predictive relationships; RQs 2 and 3). Using G *Power 3.1.9.6, we calculated an a priori power analysis with a .05 alpha level (Cohen, 1988; 1992), a medium effect size for multiple R2 of .09 (Cohen, 1988), and a power of .80 (Cohen, 1992). This power analysis revealed a target number of participants (N = 138). Participants An invitation letter and informed consent document through Qualtrics outlined criteria for school counselors to participate in the study: age 18 and up who work 30 hours or more a week in the field of school counseling. Authors Eric M. Brown, Melanie Burgess, and Kristy L. Carlisle sent Qualtrics invitations to the study through social media, such as X (formerly Twitter), Facebook, and Instagram. We recruited 240 school counselors who met criteria. We could not calculate a response rate because it was impossible to track responses through social media. The majority (62.9%; n = 151) of participants identified as White. The mean age of the participants in the sample was 35 with a range of 23 to 55. Gender was split almost evenly with 50.8% (n = 122) male and 48.3% (n = 116) female. More than half (60%; n = 144) reported a childhood SES of lower or working class, while only 2.9% (n = 7) reported current lower class, and the majority (56.7%; n = 136) reported current middle class. More demographic information is included in Table 1. Table 1 Participant Demographics Characteristic % (n) Sex Male 50.8 (122) Female 48.3 (22) Transgender or Other Gender 0.8 (2) Race/Ethnicitya African American or Black 7.9 (19) American Indian/Native American 2.1 (3) Arab American/Middle Eastern 1.7 (4) Asian/Asian American 1.7 (4) Asian Indian 3.3 (8) Hispanic/Latinx 23.3 (56) Pacific Islander 0.4 (1) White 62.9 (151) Childhood Socioeconomic Status Lower or Working Class 60.0 (144) Middle Class 33.8 (81) Upper Middle/Upper Class 5.0 (12) Note. N = 240. a For statistical purposes in SPSS, we grouped PSCs as Minoritized and White.
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