The Professional Counselor | Volume 14, Issue 2 157 Model 2 ran a regression of burnout on ACEs gender, race/ethnicity, and childhood SES. For Group 1 (three or fewer ACEs), the model explained 14.5% of the variance in burnout, F(5, 109) = 3.692, p = .004. ACEs (β = 0.249) significantly predicted burnout. Gender, race/ethnicity, and childhood SES showed nonsignificant results. Having higher ACEs predicted higher burnout. For Group 2 (four or more ACEs), the model explained 35.9% of the variance in burnout, F(5, 110) = 12.336, p < .001. ACEs (β = 0.158), gender (β = 0.277), and race/ethnicity (β = 0.461) significantly predicted burnout. Childhood SES showed nonsignificant results. Having higher ACEs, being male, and being White predicted higher burnout (see Table 4). Table 4 Regression Results: Coefficients (burnout) β Std. Error Beta T Sig ACE < 4 (Constant) 31.882 2.448 -- 13.025 < .001 ACE 1.061 0.469 .249* 2.264 = .026* Gendera 0.197 0.895 .020 0.220 = .827 Raceb -0.806 1.104 -.067 -0.730 = .467 Childhood SESc R2 = .145 (p = .004) -1.543 1.002 -.157 -1.539 = .127 ACE > 4 (Constant) 20.916 2.085 -- 10.103 < .001 ACE 0.471 0.237 .158* 1.989 = .049* Gendera 2.999 0.887 .277* 3.382 = .001* Raceb 4.939 0.852 .461* 5.601 < .001* Childhood SESc R2 = .359 (p < .001) 0.877 0.899 .081 0.975 = .332 Note. ACE = Adverse Childhood Experiences; SES = socioeconomic status. aFor statistical purposes in SPSS, we grouped gender as female, male, and transgender or other gender. ᵇFor race, we grouped PSCs as Minoritized and White. cFor Childhood SES, we grouped PSCs as lower or working class, middle-class, or upper middle/upper class. Model 3 ran a regression of secondary traumatic stress on ACEs, gender, race/ethnicity, and childhood SES. For Group 1 (three or fewer ACEs), the model explained 16.4% of the variance in secondary traumatic stress, F(5, 109) = 4.267, p = .001. Gender (β = -0.303) significantly predicted secondary traumatic stress. ACEs, race/ethnicity, and childhood SES showed nonsignificant results. Being female predicted higher secondary traumatic stress. For Group 2 (four or more ACEs), the model explained 14.5% of the variance in secondary traumatic stress, F(5.110) = 3.745, p = .004. ACEs (β = 0.288) significantly predicted secondary traumatic stress. Gender, race/ethnicity, and childhood SES showed nonsignificant results. Having higher ACEs predicted higher secondary traumatic stress (see Table 5).
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