200 The Professional Counselor | Volume 14, Issue 2 on relations with other variables. Factorial invariance testing is an extension of CFA and a method for enhancing the precision of internal structure validity. Factorial invariance testing (psychometric equivalence across subgroups of the larger sample) is an especially important next step in this line of research, as findings in the extant literature (e.g., Kalkbrenner, 2022; Kobayashi et al., 2021; Patrick et al., 2020) have evidenced differences in wellness by sociodemographic variables. Inner Wealth and the Inner Wealth Inventory Inner wealth (IW) is a latent construct consisting of internal enrichment and empowerment (Bennett et al., 2023; Glasser & Lowenstein, 2016). This internal enrichment can be furthered by external factors such as meaningful social connections. This enrichment acts by empowering individuals to view themselves as a meaningful and valued person who contributes things to the world by being their true self (Bennett et al., 2023). The Nurtured Heart Approach (NHA) is a framework used to help individuals in growing their IW (Glasser & Lowenstein, 2016). The NHA and IW have been implemented for decades (Glasser & Easley, 1998); however, there is a dearth of empirical NHA studies in the extant literature, as a screening tool for measuring IW (the primary outcome variable in NHA) did not exist until recently. Bennett et al. (2023) developed and validated scores on the IWI with two large samples of child welfare professionals. Bennett et al. (2023) also found that IWI scores were significant negative predictors (with large effect size estimates) of lower levels of burnout and compassion fatigue as well as significantly higher levels of resilience. One of the next steps in this line of research is to test the generalizability of IWI scores with a national sample of U.S. adults, as professional counselors need wellness-based inventories with valid scores. Purpose Statement and Research Questions The purpose of the current study was to test the factorial invariance and convergent validity evidence of IWI scores with a national sample of adults in the United States. If scores are validated, the IWI has potential to contribute a wellness-based screening tool with utility for appraising IW in clinical and in research settings. The following research questions (RQs) guided the present study: Research Question 1: Is the dimensionality of scores on the IWI confirmed with a national sample of adults in the United States? Research Question 2: Are scores on the IWI from a national sample of adults in the United States invariant across extant sociodemographic variables? Research Question 3: What is the convergence of scores on the IWI with established measures among a national sample of adults in the United States? Method A quantitative cross-sectional research design was employed to answer the research questions. Specifically, we used a psychometric design based on internal structure validity, convergent validity, and internal consistency reliability. This study is part of a larger grant-funded project with an aim to increase the generalizability of scores on wellness-based measures. Participants and Procedures Following IRB approval, grant funding was used to hire Qualtrics Sample Services (2023), an online research panel and sampling pool for survey research. Mike Kalkbrenner, the first author, entered the instrumentation into the Qualtrics secure online survey tool and sent the distribution link to the Qualtrics Research Services Account Executive. Working with a team of analysts, the Research Services
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