TPC Journal V8, Issue 3- FULL ISSUE

280 The Professional Counselor | Volume 8, Issue 3 Table 1 Summary of Quantitative/Mixed Studies Related to Professional School Counselor (PSC) Burnout Study Sample Variables Findings Bain, Rueda, Mata-Villarreal, & Mundy (2011) PSCs in rural districts of South Texas ( N = 27) Convenient Sampling Mental health awareness, the amount of time spent on academic advising Feelings of burnout were reported by the majority of the PSCs (89%) in the study and many of them spent the greatest amount of time on administrative duties and the least on counseling. Bardhoshi, Schweinle, & Duncan (2014) PSCs ( N = 212) Random Sampling Non-counselor duties, school factors, five subscales of the CBI Non-counseling duties and school factors were associated with PSC burnout. Non-counseling duties explained the variance of the three burnout subscales: Exhaustion (11%; medium effect size), NWE (6%; medium effect size), and DPL (8%; medium effect size). Non-counseling duties and other factors (e.g., caseload, principal support) explained the variance of the four burnout subscales: Exhaustion (21%; large effect size), Incompetence (9%; medium effect size), NWE (49%; large effect size), and DPL (17%; large effect size). Butler & Constantine (2005) PSCs ( N = 533) Random Sampling Collective self-esteem, burnout, demographics Collective self-esteem explained 3% of the variance of PSC burnout (small effect size). In particular, PRCS (2%) and PUCS (1%) accounted for PA (both small effect sizes), and IICS explained 1% of feelings of DP and PA (both small effect sizes). Higher collective self-esteem was associated with lower PSC burnout. PSCs working in urban settings tended to have higher levels of burnout than the counterparts in other environmental settings. PSCs with experience of 20–29 years reported higher levels of burnout than the counterparts with 0–9 years of experience. PSCs with experience of 30 or more years reported higher levels of burnout than those with less experience. Gnilka, Karpinski, & Smith (2015) PSCs ( N = 269) Convenient Sampling Five subscales on the CBI Effect size differences were found between PSCs and other professionals in the counseling fields (Exhaustion, d = .26, small effect size; DC, d = -.50, medium effect size). Effect size differences were noted between PSCs and sexual offender and sexual abuse therapists (Exhaustion, d = .27, small effect size; DPL, d = -.23, small effect size; DC, d = -.82, large effect size). Lambie (2007) PSCs ( N = 218) Random Sampling Ego maturity, three subscales on the MBI-HSS PSCs with greater levels of ego maturity tended to have a higher level of PA than those with lower ego maturity. Ego maturity predicted PA (3.3%; small effect size). Occupational support and the subscales of burnout were correlated. Reported occupational support predicted EE (16%; large effect size), DP (12%; medium effect size), and PA (7.2%; medium effect size). Limberg, Lambie, & Robinson (2016- 2017) PSCs ( N = 437) Random Sampling/ Purposive Sampling Altruistic motivation, altruistic behavior, burnout PSCs with greater levels of altruism had lower levels of EE and higher feelings of PA. PSC altruism explained 31.36% of the variance in EE (large effect size), and 29.16% of the variance in PA (large effect size). Self-Efficacy accounted for 14.4% of the variance in EE (large effect size) and 9% of the variance in PA (medium effect size). Moyer (2011) PSCs ( N = 382) Convenient Sampling Non-guidance activities, supervision, student-to- counselor ratios, five subscales of the CBI Non-guidance–related duties and clinical supervision were significant predictors of PSC burnout. Non-guidance duties (7.3%; medium effect size) and supervision (9%; medium effect size) predicted burnout.