TPC Journal V8, Issue 4- FULL ISSUE

The Professional Counselor | Volume 8, Issue 4 345 counseling students consisted of master’s-level graduate students, whereas all other groups consisted of undergraduate students. Table 1 Participants’ Demographic Characteristics Characteristic n Total % Age 18–19 460 52.4 20–21 155 17.9 22–23 130 15.0 24–25 58  6.7 26–27 36 4.1 28–29 27 3.1 Gender Female 692 79.7 Male 167 19.2 Other 8 0.9 Racial Caucasian 624 71.9 Background African American/African/Black 101 11.6 Biracial/Multiracial 65 7.5 Asian/Asian American 40 4.6 Native American 3 0.3 Other 25 2.9 Ethnicity Hispanic 172 19.8 Non-Hispanic 689 79.4 Academic Undergraduate 709 81.7 Enrollment Graduate 152 17.5 Other 5 0.6 Academic Major Athletic Training/Health Sciences 115 13.2 Biology/Biomedical Sciences/ Preclinical Health Sciences 167 19.2 Counseling 153 17.6 Communication 163 18.8 Nursing 128 14.7 Psychology 142 16.4 Note. N = 868. Procedure The data utilized in this study were collected as part of a larger study that was approved by the authors’ institutional review board (IRB) as well as additional university IRBs where data was collected, as requested. We followed the Tailored Design Method (Dillman, Smyth, & Christian, 2009), a series of recommendations for conducting survey research to increase participant motivation and