TPC Journal-Vol 9- Issue 4-FULL ISSUE

The Professional Counselor | Volume 9, Issue 4 345 Because of this study’s finding that working primarily with adolescents and individuals who have experienced sexual assault or domestic violence increases counselors’ chances of experiencing VT symptoms and subthreshold PTSD symptoms, a qualitative or mixed-methods study focused on VT among counselors working with these populations is desirable. In an effort to best prepare students who will work with these populations, an understanding of exactly which aspects of working with these clients increase VT symptoms and subthreshold PTSD symptoms is essential. Conflict of Interest and Funding Disclosure The authors reported no conflict of interest or funding contributions for the development of this manuscript. References Alpert, J. L., & Paulson, A. (1990). Graduate-level education and training in child sexual abuse. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice , 21 , 366–371. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.21.5.366 Bercier, M. L., & Maynard, B. R. (2015). Interventions for secondary traumatic stress with mental health workers: A systematic review. Research on Social Work Practice , 25 , 81–89. doi:10.1177/1049731513517142 Bergman, H. E., Kline, A. C., Feeny, N. C., & Zoellner, L. A. (2015). Examining PTSD treatment choice among individuals with subthreshold PTSD. Behaviour Research and Therapy , 73, 33–41. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.07.010 Blevins, C. A., Weathers, F. W., Davis, M. T., Witte, T. K., & Domino, J. L. (2015). The posttraumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): Development and initial psychometric evaluation. Journal of Traumatic Stress , 28 , 489–498. doi:10.1002/jts.22059 Bovin, M. J., Marx, B. P., Weathers, F. W., Gallagher, M. W., Rodriguez, P., Schnurr, P. P., & Keane, T. M. (2016). Psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (PCL-5) in veterans. Psychological Assessment , 28 , 1379–1391. doi:10.1037/pas0000254 Bride, B. E. (2007). Prevalence of secondary traumatic stress among social workers. Social Work , 52, 63–70. doi:10.1093/sw/52.1.63 Bride, B. E., Robinson, M. M., Yegidis, B., & Figley, C. R. (2004). Development and validation of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale. Research on Social Work Practice , 14 , 27–35. doi:10.1177/1049731503254106 Conrad, D., & Kellar-Guenther, Y. (2006). Compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction among Colorado child protection workers. Child Abuse and Neglect , 30, 1071–1080. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.03.009 Cornille, T. A., & Meyers, T. W. (1999). Secondary traumatic stress among child protective service workers: Prevalence, severity and predictive factors. Traumatology , 5, 15–31. doi:10.1177/153476569900500105 Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs. (2015). 2016 CACREP standards . Alexandria, VA: Author. Finklestein, M., Stein, E., Greene, T., Bronstein, I., & Solomon, Z. (2015). Posttraumatic stress disorder and vicarious trauma in mental health professionals. Health & Social Work , 40 (2), 25–31. doi:10.1093/hsw/hlv026 Harrison, R. L., & Westwood, M. J. (2009). Preventing vicarious traumatization of mental health therapists: Identifying protective practices. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training , 46 , 203–219. doi:10.1037/a0016081 Howlett, S. L., & Collins, A. (2014). Vicarious traumatisation: Risk and resilience among crisis support volunteers in a community organisation. South African Journal of Psychology , 44 , 180–190. doi:10.1177 /0081246314524387